A Day in the Life of a Science Summer Camper

High Touch High Tech is an education company that provides in-school field trips and SCIENCE SUMMER CAMPS! We prepare all items needed to create the perfect science experience! This week’s enrichment class is called Water Works. On my prep list I had an assortment of apparatuses such as pipettes, colored water, soap, etc. Each item must be counted and packed precisely.

We always bring an opening experiment, our WOW experiment, to demonstrate. This week’s WOW experiment was Bag Stab! I stabbed fourteen pencils through the bag that morning! Science is all about FUN, so I asked the students, and they let me know how many pencils they dare to put through the bag. Can you guess what happened? There were no leaks! Why? Well, I have practiced stabbing each pencil in with just the right amount of force. The bag is made of polymer, a thin translucent plastic. If the pencils go directly into the polymer, it will seal around them, preventing leaks.

The kids were ready to see what happened when all the pencils were removed! I had previously dyed the water a bright green to make it more visible and fun. In the dramatic removal of the pencil’s there was a spill. It is fine, though, because science is messy sometimes.

Next, my assistant scientist, Biodiversity Britta helped hand out three different colors of water for each group. Every child also received their own pipette!

They have a lot of fun practicing with pipettes. Today’s campers are ages six through ten. For the younger children, it was their first time using a pipette. They caught on instantly!

Biodiversity Britta helped hand out the rest of the materials, and the water molecule discovery began! All of them were fascinated to discover how water molecules react with each other. Science is all about observation and what better chemical compound to explore than the most common chemical compound on earth! Water!!! Cohesion is not only fascinating to observe, but it’s also weirdly satisfying to see how large a droplet can be formed on a waxed surface! Some children commented that it looked like Gelatin or super jiggly slime! All of them were equally amazed at how adhesion happens with the brightly colored molecules. Some even tried cutting water drops in half! Then of course putting them back together was fun, too!

As the experiment was at an end some children decided to mix the colored water! This was fun and I encouraged it. We call this Science Made Fun for a reason! Mixing colors is fun and I enjoy watching them explore on their own.

The children had fun passing the materials to the end of the tables so Biodiversity Britta and I could gather them all up. Within just a few minutes we were ready for experiment number two!

This one we call Exploding Colors, and it is messy! This isn’t a problem though because making a mess is amusing. We bring an abundance of towels to keep floors safe and dry. Exploding Colors is a blast and that is what it looks like, a combination of fireworks and an animated tie die! This is amazingly fun for us and them! Teachers were even participating! One of the key components in this experiment is the soap which we provided on cotton swabs. Being a surfactant soap disrupts the surface tension of the fat rich fluid filled pans, causing the drops of color they added to swirl and dance like moving works of art! They had so much fun with this! They loudly declared it themselves! In fact, they didn’t want to stop.

All great fun does have to come to a closure though, but we had enough time to have them line up, group by group, to stab a bag themselves. This time we managed to get twenty-seven pencils in the bag! I am keeping track of this, so I can record the winner by the end of the year!

For those new to our blog, we are High Touch High Tech Science Made Fun, our goal is to INSPIRE, EXPLORE, and ENGAGE children to be excited about SCIENCE!

Kitchen Chemistry: 5 Experiments You Can Eat (Almost)!

Did you know that we use chemistry every single day? Chemistry is the study of matter, and how it behaves. Everything is made of matter! Chemistry explores what things are made of (composition), how things are put together (structure), and how things can transform (reactions). The kitchen is an area of our everyday lives where chemistry plays a huge role. So, let’s roll up our sleeves, put on our aprons, and perform some chemistry!

1. Microwave a marshmallow!

Just a lonely marshmallow…

Several things happen chemically within a marshmallow when it is microwaved. The changes are thermal, physical, and chemical. The microwave radiation heats molecules within the marshmallow. This heating causes a physical change to the gas molecules that exist within the air pockets in a marshmallow. Gases expand when they heat. The marshmallow also undergoes a chemical change as the sugar molecules break down because of the heat.

You will need a microwave, marshmallows, and a microwave-safe plate.

Instructions:

  1. Place the marshmallow on the plate.
  2. Microwave the marshmallow for a short period of time (15-30 seconds).
  3. Observe what the marshmallow does.
  4. Let the marshmallow cool and observe what happens.

What happened when you microwaved the marshmallow? How do you think the structure of the marshmallow played a role in what happened as the marshmallow was heated? What happened to the marshmallow as it cooled? Do you think that change is reversible or permanent?

Yum!!!

2. Make “Science Lemonade.”

This experiment, and the next one, explore acids and bases. Acids and bases are chemical substances with opposing properties. The pH scale measures how acidic or basic (alkaline) a substance is. The pH scale ranges from 0 to 14. Acids fall below 7 on the scale and bases have a pH of greater than 7. Neutral substances, like water, have a pH of 7.

A pH indicator is a substance that changes color in reaction to a basic or acidic substance.

You will need 100% grape juice, lemon juice, a couple of clear cups, and baking soda (optional).

Instructions:

  1. Fill each cup approximately halfway with grape juice. One cup will be used for the control (you will not add or change anything to it).
  2. Add a few drops of lemon juice to one of the cups.
  3. Observe what happens.
  4. Continue to add lemon juice, small amounts at a time. Compare to the control cup.
  5. At this point, you may taste your science lemonade, if you wish!
  6. (Optional) Add a small amount of baking soda to the cup containing the lemon juice. Continue to observe what happens. Compare to the control cup.

What did you notice happening to the grape juice as the lemon juice was added to it? Did you get a chance to add baking soda as well? What happened then? Taste the lemon juice. What does it taste like? Acids – when we can eat them – generally taste sour. What type of substance do you think baking soda is?

3. Write a secret message!

This is another fun experiment with a pH indicator and can also prepare young scientists for a future career as a secret agent!

What you will need:

  1. A table covering (painter’s plastic or newspaper)
  2. Water
  3. Baking soda
  4. Turmeric
  5. Rubbing alcohol
  6. Paper
  7. Small paintbrush or cotton swab
  8. Larger paintbrush or sponge
  9. (2) Small bowls for mixing
  10. Measuring spoons

Instructions:

  1. Mix a tablespoon of baking soda with half a cup of water.
  2. Dip the cotton swab or small paintbrush in the baking soda solution and use it to write a secret message or draw a secret picture on the paper.
  3. Allow the paper to dry.
  4. Using a new bowl, mix a teaspoon of turmeric into half a cup of rubbing alcohol. Turmeric will stain! Be careful, use a table covering, and consider wearing gloves and an apron.
  5. Once the paper has fully dried, paint the turmeric solution onto the paper using the sponge or large paintbrush.
  6. Observe what happens to the paper and your message.

Take a moment to rub some of the baking soda solution between your fingers? What does it feel like? Did you know that feeling slippery is a common property of basic substances? What did the paper look like after it had dried? Could you read the message? What did you see happen when you painted the turmeric solution onto the paper?

Turmeric acts as a pH indicator because it contains a natural compound that changes color in the presence of acids and bases. How might you test if a new substance could be used as a pH indicator?

4. Take a raisin out dancing!

I bet you didn’t know raisins could have such a good time!

The disciplines of science are often interconnected, and this experiment is fun because it touches on chemistry as well as physics concepts. It is also fun because we get to make raisins dance, and who doesn’t love to dance?

What you will need:

  1. A clear cup, glass, or jar
  2. Warm water
  3. A few teaspoons of baking soda
  4. A few teaspoons of vinegar
  5. Raisins

Instructions:

  1. Fill the glass half full of warm water.
  2. Add a few teaspoons of baking soda.
  3. Add a few raisins. Observe.
  4. Add a small amount of vinegar.
  5. Observe what happens.

What happened when you first added the raisins to the cup of baking soda and water? Did the raisins sink? Then, when you added the vinegar, what began to occur? Were bubbles created? When baking soda and vinegar combine, they create a gas called carbon dioxide. Why does the gas rise to the top of the water? Did the raisins catch a ride to the surface with the carbon dioxide bubbles? What happened to the raisins when they reached the surface? Do you think other items may behave similarly? Why do you think raisins attach to the gas particles so well?

5. Have an edible gelation ball

Gelatin is made up of a protein called collagen. Gelatin works by creating interconnected protein chains that trap water, thus creating a gel. Did you know that collagen is the most abundant protein in the human body, where it also attracts and retains water?

For this experiment, you will need a plate, craft sticks, some flavored gelatin, and drinking water.

Start by placing some of the gelatin powder on the plate in a small, flattened pile. Add the water drop by drop onto the gelatin. Allow the gelatin and water to rest for a few minutes. Observe what happens. Use your craft stick to lift up the congealed gelatin. Feel it in your hands. Eat it, if you wish (as long as your hands are clean)!

What did you notice? What was the texture of the gelatin like after you added the water and allowed it to rest? Is it a solid or a liquid?  How do you think gelatin balls may be like some of the matter in our own bodies?

https://nutritionsource.hsph.harvard.edu/collagen/

Did you find these experiments fun?

Contact your local High Touch High Tech franchise and we can bring even more exciting hands-on STEM activities to you!

5 STEM Experiements to Take on the Road

Summer is here! It is a good time to have fun, but that doesn’t mean taking a break from satisfying our curious minds. We know busy families are often on vacation this time of year, so here are 5 STEM experiments you can take on the road.

  1. Make a balloon powered car!

This experiment explores the scientific concept that for every action, there will be an equal and opposite reaction (Newton’s third law of motion). The air expelled from the balloon creates the force to propel the car forward. Also, the friction and resistance of the car to the surface slows the car to an eventual stop.

What you will need:

  1. Toy Car
  2. Balloon
  3. Tape
  4. Straw(s) – ideally, a variety of several different straws

Instructions:

  1. Tape the opening of the balloon around one side of the straw, ensuring there are no air leaks
  2. Tape the straw to the top of the car
  3. Inflate the balloon through the straw.
  4. While covering the opening of the straw with your finger or pinching the end of the straw closed, place the car on the floor.
  5. Let go of the end of the straw and see your car go!

What did you observe happening? Which direction did the ballon propel your car? Does changing the surface (such as linoleum or carpet) affect how far your car drives? If you were to use a different straw, how might that affect how your car drives? What happens when you use a jumbo straw versus a skinny straw? Do you have a bendable straw? Try putting a bend in it and see what happens. Have a race with your friends!

2. Things that float/sink

This experiment explores the scientific principles of density and buoyancy. Buoyancy is the upward force exerted by fluid (in this case water) that opposes the weight of an object. Density describes how much matter is in a certain amount of space (volume), or how much space a certain amount of matter takes up. An object with low density is going to weigh less than an object of the exact same size with high density.

What you will need:

  1. Bowl/ tub of water
  2. Any collection of objects that will fit within the container of water. Let your imagination run wild!
    • Coins
    • Chinelle stems
    • Pieces of fabric
    • Buttons
    • Small plastic or steel bowl
    • Cutlery – plastic and metal
    • Toy boats
    • Pieces of wood
    • Wine corks
    • Ice
    • Rocks
    • Sticks
    • Leaves
    • Feathers
    • Oil

Instructions:

  1. Take each object and place them in the water
  2. Observe how different objects behave in the water

What are your observations about what happened? What is the difference between the objects that float and the objects that sank? If a fork that is made of steel sinks, how can a bowl (or ship) that is made of steel float? Why does ice float in water? Why do some objects float initially and then later sink (such as the fabric or some types of wood)?

3. Take a road trip movement break and observe gravity!

This one is easy, gives the littles a chance to get some wiggles out, and explores the scientific principle of gravity! Gravity is the invisible force that pulls object towards earth.

Find some open space! Or at least enough space to move around without disturbing others. Jump up and observe what happens. Did you fall back down to Earth? What would happen if you jumped up and there was no gravity pulling you back to Earth?

4. Try skipping rocks!

This experiment is a timeless classic! It explores STEM concepts in physics. There are many forces at play when skipping rocks, but the most fundamental ones are gravity and lift. Gravity pulls the rock towards the water and lift is what pushes the rock up from the water. If the lift from the water is stronger than the gravity pulling the rock down, the rock skips!

You will need to find the right spot. This will include a smooth body of water, such as a calm section of a stream or a lake. You will also need a place where there are a lot of small, smooth stones.

You will also need to find the right rock. Look for a small, roundish or oval, flat rock of uniform thickness that fits well in your hand.

Now, let’s try to skip that rock across the water. Remember, this takes practice! Set the rock in the crook of your pointer finger and thumb. Curl your other fingers underneath your stone. Next, stand up straight with your feet parallel to the water, facing the length of the shoreline. Throw the stone at a side angle, as parallel to the water as possible.

Keep trying until you get it right. If you are struggling, try to get a good spin! The gyroscopic force prevents the stone from toppling over and falling into the water. (Have you ever played with a spinning top?)

Were you able to make it work? What did you discover makes a good skipping rock? Why do you think some rocks are better for skipping than others? Where do you find the best skipping rocks? Are they usually near water? Why or why not?

You don’t have to leave the littlest kids out! If you have kids that are too small to skip rocks, have them Kerplunk! the rocks into the water. Why do you think those rocks sank immediately versus the rocks that skidded across the water?

5. Make a nature walk bracelet

Are you going to be exploring in nature this summer? Study the ecology around you and make a bracelet while on a nature walk! Using duct tape, make a cuff with the sticky side out. As you walk or hike, add things that you find, such as plant samples, flowers, and other nature items to your sticky bracelet. (However, avoid poison ivy, poison oak, or poison sumac. They often have leaves of three; though not aways!)

Can you find an item from each color of the rainbow? Are some colors easier to find than others? Don’t forget! When you get home, look up the items that you found on your adventure.

Did you find these experiments fun?

Contact your local High Touch High Tech franchise and we can bring even more exciting hands-on STEM activities directly to you!